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Introduction
The sweating warm body dummy test technology developed by our company is the optimal technology for objectively evaluating the overall thermal resistance and moisture resistance performance of garments, which is widely used in the fields of garments, aerospace, fire fighting, petroleum, traffic safety, occupational health, etc. Especially in the evaluation of the warmth performance of garments, the study of warmth mechanism of garments, and the development of occupational protective garments, it plays an important role and is the recognised advanced equipment essential to the study of ergonomics of garments. It is recognised as an indispensable advanced equipment for clothing ergonomics research. It is recognised as an indispensable advanced equipment for garment ergonomics research. It is an international cutting-edge technology at the intersection of garment science, human bionics and biophysics.
Standard
GBT 39605-2020 'Test Method for Moisture Resistance of Clothing Sweating Warm Body Dummy Method'.
GB/T 18398-2001 'Test Method for Thermal Resistance of Clothing Warm Body Dummy Method'.
ASTM F1291, ASTM F1720, ASTM F2370 and so on.
Theory
1.Thermal resistance: the basic principle of applying the warm body dummy to test the thermal resistance of clothing is to simulate the process of heat exchange between the human body - clothing - the environment, from the warm body dummy, the temperature difference between the skin surface temperature and the ambient temperature, the non-evaporation of heat dissipation rate per unit area of the surface of the body and other physical parameters of the relationship between the value of thermal resistance of clothing.
2. Wet resistance: the basic principle of testing wet resistance of clothing is to simulate the conductivity of clothing to moisture when the human body sweats under the state of static or movement.
Structure
The system includes human body model, motion control system, data acquisition and transmission system, wind speed control system, temperature, humidity and wind speed testing system, centralised control system and computer software application platform. The human body model includes sweat dummy, sweat system, temperature control system, overheating safety protection and other sub-systems.
(I) Human body model
1. The height of the mannequin is 1.7±0.15m, the body surface area is 1.8±0.3m2. The mannequin completely simulates the real human being, with shoulder joints, elbow joints, hip joints, knee joints and ankle joints, which can be used to make various postures, and simulate more realistically the thermal and humidity resistance of the clothing in all body postures.
2. The mannequin is divided into 34 independent heat generating zones, and each heat generating zone has independent temperature control system, sweat generating system and data acquisition system. It can meet the whole body or local test of the garment.
3. Temperature control system adopts high-precision digital temperature sensors, and the heating film that closely fits the surface of the mannequin is evenly distributed.
Sweating system adopts imported high-precision conveying device, which can independently control the sweating rate of each partition.
4. Provide three measurement modes: constant heat, constant temperature, variable temperature. They are used to observe the differences in heat dissipation of the various parts of the garment, test the thermal and humidity resistance of the garment, and simulate the physiological changes of the skin in different environments.
(II) Motion control system
1. The warm body dummy has three postures: standing still, lying down and walking dynamically, of which the standing and lying postures are mainly for testing the thermal resistance performance of quilt and sleeping bag, while the standing still and walking dynamically are for clothing testing.
2. The motion control system adopts the external connection mode, which can be conveniently selected for testing in both static and dynamic states. The overall frame is made of high-strength aviation aluminium profiles, and the servo motor drives the motion mechanism, which can accurately set and control the movement and amplitude of the model.
(III) Humiture and wind speed testing system
Three ambient temperature sensors, three ambient humidity sensors and two ambient wind speed sensors are placed in the range of the warm body dummy at non-equal height intervals of 0.5m from the dummy; the sensors can be moved away from the dummy by rotating the axis when the dummy is put in place and when the dummy is dressed. The accuracy of the temperature sensors is better than 0.2°C; the accuracy of the humidity sensors is better than 5 per cent; and the accuracy of the wind speed sensors is better than 0.05 m/s.
(V) Wind speed control system through the application software, control frequency conversion motor, can provide (0 ~ 8) m / S wind speed for the test environment.
(VI). The system centralised control and computer software application platform
System centralised control and computer software application platform, the shell is full stainless steel structure, all electrical components are centrally installed, easy to install and debugging and maintenance. This software application system is developed independently by our company. The software is simple and easy to use, and can perform functions such as thermal control, fault monitoring, system parameter setting and calibration, real-time data display and data recording, and intuitive display of test results.
Test procedure
1. Thermal resistance
1.1. Make the clothes suitable for the dummy to wear.
1.2. Before the experiment, the experimental clothing at a temperature of (20 5)ºC, relative humidity (50 20)% of the conditions of temperature and humidity adjustment for 12 h , the temperature of the dummy skin temperature Ts (32-35)ºC, the temperature of the dummy skin temperature Ts (32-35)ºC.
1.3. Set the skin temperature of the warm body dummy Ts (32-35)ºC.
1.4. Set the experimental state of the warm body dummy, which can be divided into static experiment and dynamic experiment. Set the step speed and step length for dynamic experiment.
1.5. Set the temperature of climate room Ta, according to the estimated thermal resistance value of the tested clothes, the temperature below the skin is not less than 10ºC when naked; the thermal resistance value is not less than 10ºC; the thermal resistance value is not less than 10ºC.The temperature below the skin is not less than 10ºC when naked; the temperature below the skin is not less than 20ºC when the thermal resistance value is between 1~3clo; the temperature below the skin is not less than 30ºC when it is more than 3clo.
1.6. Setting the humidity of climate room (30%~50%) Rh.
1.7. Setting the wind speed in the climate chamber (0.15~8)m/s.
1.8. Observe the climate room environment values, so that the climate room ambient temperature change of not more than 1 ºC, relative humidity change of not more than 5%, wind speed change of not more than 50%, to maintain a stable environmental values 30min-60min
1.9. After the warm body dummy enters the dynamic thermal equilibrium, detect the skin temperature, ambient temperature and regulate the heating power at least once every minute, and this state must be maintained for more than 10 min.
1.10. Wear the test clothes to the dummy and start the test, and the warm body dummy must be kept for more than 20mins after it enters the dynamic thermal equilibrium again.
1.11. End the thermal resistance test and give the test data.
2. Dampness obstruction
2.1. Refer to 1.1.
2.2. Before the experiment, the experimental clothing should be placed in the climate chamber for at least 12h.
2.3 Setting the temperature of the climate chamber the same as the skin temperature of the dummy, so that there is no dry heat exchange between the dummy and the environment.
2.4 Set the experiment state of the dummy, the dummy can be divided into static experiment and dynamic experiment. Set the step speed and step length for dynamic experiment.
2.5 Set the temperature and wind speed of the climate chamber, the same as 1.6 to 1.9 above.
2.4 Simulate sweating on the surface of the dummy, and transfer water to the surface of the dummy (the temperature of the water must be consistent with the set skin temperature) to maintain the water saturation state of the surface, and keep it for more than 10 minutes after reaching thermal equilibrium.
2.5. Wear the test garment to the dummy and start the test. After the dummy enters the dynamic thermal equilibrium again, it must be kept for more than 30min.
2.6. End the moisture resistance test and generates the test data.
Manikin main technical parameter
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